Delhi winter air pollution strategy needs stronger long term measures rather than relying heavily on shutdowns and restrictions, according to an assessment of the capital’s pollution control approach.
The Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP), introduced as an emergency mechanism in 2017 was designed to address periods of severe air pollution. However emergency restrictions cannot replace sustained efforts to reduce emissions throughout the year.
As winter approaches, falling temperatures, stagnant air and smoke from agricultural stubble burning in neighbouring states can worsen Delhi’s air quality. Restrictions on public activities may help reduce exposure during severe pollution episodes, but their effectiveness depends on the availability of practical alternatives.
Transport emissions remain a major concern. Delhi has approximately 6,840 buses, against a requirement of at least 10,000. Expanding public transport across the National Capital Region (NCR) improving connectivity between cities and integrating buses with metro and regional rail services could reduce dependence on private vehicles.
The transition to electric buses, taxis and three wheelers could further help curb vehicular emissions.
Industrial pollution also requires urgent attention. Factories operating in unauthorised areas need access to affordable, reliable cleaner energy alternatives to coal.
Experts stress that pollution control requires coordinated regional planning strict enforcement and time bound action. Emergency restrictions remain necessary during hazardous episodes, but sustained emission reductions are essential to prevent Delhi’s recurring winter pollution crisis.